Iranian Journal of hand woven carpet

Classification and investigation of the design and patterns' evolution on the Yalameh carpets in Boroujen(Twenty recent years)

sogand shabani boroujeni

Yalameh-i-Qashqayi carpets in Borujen city of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province (as the main source of Yalamecarpet weaving) and some of its suburban villages are especially important. The people settled in the province of Isfahan after the migration to Ali Abad area and then settled in other areas of Isfahan province and neighboring provinces, including Borujen, in the province of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. In this way, a new era of propagation and the original role of the Yilmeh tribal system emerged. Yalameh carpet is woven in three designs of a pillow, a bowl, and one that can be said that they all fall into one group, but they are combined in various shapes. In this paper, it will be tried to use the library and field method to find out the overall Yalameh carpet by separating all the components used in it (including pools, margins, patches, motifs and composition) and Then they will examine the evolution of the last 20 years and provide a better understanding of the group of carpets (somewhat unknown). The questions of this review are as follows: What are the differences in the design and role of the new and old carpets? What is the most and the least change in which group of tripartite designs and at a closer look, in which part of the components of Yalameh carpet has been applied? In this way, it will be determined that despite the same pattern of motifs in old and new samples, there are obvious differences in the way of displaying new designs and their arrangement, which are discussed in the text of the article

Pictures of ğeni's King and Queen in Arab Jinni carpets (Fars carpet)

azadeh pashootanizadeh

In this paper it is attempted to be identified the motif of Arab Jinni carpets. In my opinion, this carpet is decorated by spiritual and Celestial powers that combination of novels of Jamshid and Prophet Solomon that lived in pre-Islamic centuries. Jamshid was king and Solomon was King and Prophet. Considering that the spirit of Persian art always penetrates the body of traditions or religious beliefs; So, acquaintance the similarities of the Jamshid novel with Prophet Solomon novel, On the one hand, and, on the other hand, beliefs, religion and place of departure Sabeans followers as an interface ring to identify motifs known as "Ğeni" is important. The water is a common element between Jamshid, Prophet Solomon and Sabein. Water in the Islamic traditions, create the motifs of Prophet Solomon Novel and emerges in the form of Belqis, Saxre Jenni and Omme Sebyan. Water in the Zoroastrian beliefs is linked with motifs of Jamshid novels and puts into existence in the form of Nahid goddess; in Sabeen religion who is famous for water worshipers that expressed in the form of sacred water and their beliefs on baptism.)Water in Sabean religion is linked with sacredness of water and baptism. This text uses the comparative method of motifs, folklore, and ancient Persian literature. The research method is based on description and analysis. Style data document is library research and gathered through a field.

A Study of Qa'inat Carpets Based on the Historical Documents in the Archives of Astan Quds Razavi

mona soltani

Qa'inat has been one of the principal carpet-weaving centres in Iran through the history. Studying the historical documents in the Archives of Astan Quds Razavi which relate to the supply and maintenance of the carpets in the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (AS), the names of some regions such as Qa'in, Birjand and Dorokhsh are observed. These regions are important carpet-weaving centres in the Qa'inat.
Considering the historical significance of Qa'inat in the history of carpet-weaving in Iran and the ambiguities in its weavings before 1870, the findings of this article will complete the current information on the history of carpet in the south of Khorasan during Safavid, Afshar and Qajar periods. This research work is aimed primarily at studying Qa'inat carpets from 1022 to 1340 AH (1613-1921 CE), their variety and distinctive features i.e. designs, motifs and dimensions based on the historical documents in the Archives of Astan Quds Razavi. This historical research work, which is both library and documents research. illustrates that felts and carpets have been two of the most well-known handicrafts of this region from Safavid to the late Qajar periods. It also depicts that Qa'in has been one of the most important carpet-weaving centres in Iran, in which weaving large and extra-large rugs and carpets with an urban style was commonplace.

Sociological Explanation of memorials weave in Iranian tribal and rural carpets (Case study: Kermanshah carpet)

fariba yavari

In the carpet weaving system of Iran, in some cases, weavers have written weaving; these texts, which often include numbers and names, are from weaver extensions during the texture and can be distinguished from the carpet map, so it can be called " memorials weave " named. Although the memorial weaving is not limited to a particular region and geography, it is still visible in nomadic and rural carpets in Iranian carpet weaving. Traditional carpet of Kermanshah province, which is in the style of nomadic and rural tribal and under the category of Kurdish carpets, includes a considerable number of "memorials weave". According to the dates of the memorial weaving in the samples, the action is started at a certain time and gradually ends. Considering the characteristics of traditional carpet as a native and local cultural phenomenon on the one hand, and structural changes in the carpet weaving system of Kermanshah, on the other hand, the question arises as to how "memorials were affected by social, cultural and economic conditions”. What was the relationship between the trends and the insights of weavers in Iran in general and in carpet weaving in Kermanshah in particular? The purpose of the present research is to present a sociological explanation of the action of a memorial weaving based on the Victorian Alexander diamond culture approach. The research method is descriptive-analytic and based on library and documentary studies. Research results indicate the role of supportive systems and distributors, consumption of art. The community of audiences and cultural changes of the community of carpet weavers in the emergence and decline of the action of memorial weaving.

Exploration of challenges and solutions for development of Iranian rural handmade carpet; implications for policy making

Hojjat Varmazyari

The main aim of this qualitative study is to recognize the main challenges of Iranian rural hand-made carpet and to explore solutions for policy-making from experts and key informants’ viewpoint. This qualitative study carried out by Grounded theory. The study sample included faculty members, experts of related administrations and institutions, and actors of rural hand-made carpet selected by purposive sampling. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews. The results of this study revealed that there are five main challenges for Iranian rural hand-made carpet: a) weakness of the management and policy-making, b) limited access to the financial resources and insurance, c) obstacles and limitations of production d) obstacles and limitations of sale and e) wane of weaving. Among others, weakness of the management and policy-making was explored as a key obstacle for development of rural hand-made carpet. This fundamental problem was constructed on the basis of concepts such as lack of management stability and weak organizational position of rural hand-made carpet, ambiguous position of rural hand-made carpet in Iranian annual budget laws and lack of appropriate achievement of national fifth plan. Main changes in area of the management and policy-making seems necessary. The governmental body of this industry should have capabilities for its management and organization in order to achievement of poverty reduction and improvement of rural and nomadic people targets on the basis of rurality and economic activities composition in theses areas. Also establishment and development of contractual model was proposed in order to organise chain of rural hand-knotted carpets’ production and sale chain with emphasis on conservation of rural weavers’ rights.

Structural model of the effect of adaptive sale behavior strategy on marketing effectiveness: mediated role of marketing emphasis in handmade carpet industry

Alireza amini

Change in sales behavior during customers’ interactions based on received information about the nature of their position gives more information about their situation and needs and finally it obtains customer satisfaction and marketing effectiveness. In this study, the impact of adaptive selling behavior and mediated role of marketing emphasis on marketing effectiveness of handmade carpet has been investigated. The interest population of this research is handmade carpet dealers in Tehran city. its sample size was calculated 305 people by Cochran's formula and random sampling method was used. researchers utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze gathered data. The results showed that adaptive selling behavior has direct effect on marketing emphasizes and marketing effectiveness in handmade carpet. Moreover, marketing emphasizes mediate the relationship between adaptive selling behavior and marketing effectiveness.

Investigating factors affecting the European ::union:: importers' buying decision making to buy Iranian handmade carpet

Malihe siyavooshi

Abstract: The main objective of this research is to identify the factors affecting the importers' decision to buy Iranian handmade carpet . This research is applied and is qualitative in terms of the type of data used. The research data were collected using interview with Iranian handmade carpet importers in the European ::union:: who were present at The 25th International Handmade Carpet Exhibition in Tehran. The sampling method was accessible, and the sequential method was used to determine the sample size. Accordingly, with14 Iranian handmade carpet importers to the European ::union:: were interviewed, that of which 11 persons were originally European and 3 persons Iranians residing in Europe. Data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis. The content analysis results led to the identification of 233 primary codes that were categorized as 62 selective codes. By reviewing and filtering selective codes, 38 sub themes were identified, which were ultimately classified into 5 main themes. Some of the indicators have a positive effect and some have a negative influence on the decision to buy Iranian carpet. The ten main identified themes are: product, price, distribution, promotion, and environmental factors. Some of the indicators identified in this research, such as ordering capability in production, supply quality, negative media space against Iran, uniqueness of carpet, having a reliable business partner in Iran, provide international credentials, economic situation in the destination country, and etc. ,for the first time and from the perspective of importers were mentioned; which illustrates the distinction of this research with previous research on carpet marketing.

Enhancement of Wool Carpets Protection against Tineola bisselliella Utilizing Silver Nanoparticles and Friendly-environment Cross-linking Agent Applying RSM Statistical Analysis

Ali Nazari

Worthful wool products have excellent properties such as high strength, resiliency, dyeability, air imprisonment and it is comfortable that can be used easily. But this fiber has a limitation of nutrition and destruction via wool products digesting species such as Tineola bisselliella. This research evaluates silver nanoparticles efficiency accompany with citric acid stabilizing agent in protecting wool carpets against Tineola bisselliella via validity bioassay and quantifying nutrition amount of treated samples. Therefore, central composite design (CCD) statistical method was used to design experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to analyze obtained results through Design Expert statistical software. Based on this, wool carpets were exposed to Tineola bisselliella larvae with various concentrations of silver nanoparticles during different days and weight reduction amounts were quantitatively accounted, as minimum optimized, and qualitatively observed as compared with control sample. Then, using statistical analysis, optimized models were presented based on weight reduction dependent variable than independent variables such as silver nanoparticles concentration amounts and exposure days. Also, alkaline solubility was evaluated as other significant characteristic of wool carpets. Images of nutrition status in treated and control wool carpets were illustrated using light microscopy equipped with digital camera and scanning electronic microscopy. Beside, elemental analysis of optimized wool carpets was discussed through energy-dispersive spectroscopy in order to confirm silver presence. Results of this study exhibit that in optimized condition including 3.07 % silver nanoparticles, 10.0 % citric acid friendly-environment cross-linking agent, and 30 days exposure of wool carpets to Tineola bisselliella, the minimum of response variables including 0.09 % weight reduction and 3.13 % alkaline solubility, in other words, significantly highest protection of wool carpets was obtained against Tineola bisselliella.

Content analysis of the articles published in the first 30 issues of Goljaam bi-quarterly

Abdollah Mirzaei

The bi-quarterly of Goljaam is a journal of handwoven carpets and related field that is published by Iran Scientific Carpet Association since 1384. The main aim of this article is the content analysis of the 179 articles published in the first 30 issues of the journal. The design of the study is applied research utilizing content analysis. The findings revealed that in each of the issues 6/35% articles have been published; 57/3% of the articles were library research; 73/42% of the articles were written by male writers; more than 49/46% of the authors were PhDs; 42/69% of the articles were written by a double authors; among the university writers, Tarbiat Modarres university submitted 43 articles, Kashan university 32 articles and Shahed university 31 articles, respectively. The issues covered in the article were basically concerned with carpet design and motif (51/5%).

Identification of suitable promotional and promotional tools for promoting the handmade carpet brand in foreign markets

zohre kazemi

The handmade carpet of Iran with outstanding cultural and artistic qualities is a product that has been registered in the non-oil export basket of Iran for decades as a significant commodity. The purpose of this research is to determine the importance of indicators for assessing promotional and promotional tools for handmade carpets and to determine the priority of tools used to introduce this product to customers in foreign target markets. The statistical population of this research consists of 19 experts and expert experts in exporting handmade carpets in Tehran province. Fuzzy AHP method was used to determine the weight of each index as well as to determine the priority of promotional and promotional tools. Were placed. Also, according to the TOPSIS method, exclusive exhibitions, media, commercial ads, publications, tourism tours in Iran, sales, sales representatives, price discounts and sales awards are the top priorities. The research results include suggestions for exporters and planners in this area.