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TITLE: CAUSAL ANALYSIS IN CHANGES OF LAST TWO DECADES OF IRANIAN CARPETS (Case Study Areas: Northern Khorasans, Razavi Khorasans and Southern Khorasans)
Dr Majid Reza Moghanipour, Dr Mohsen Marasy, Dr Mohammad Reza Moridi,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (autumn and winter 2018)
Abstract

Abstract

In many researches and studies related to Iran’s practical arts including carpets there are incomplete and incomprehensive analysis provided about them due to ignoring part of the dimensions and components of causality; considering the special place of Iranian carpets among the practical arts (Due to the combination of aesthetic, consumer and economic functions); the systematic recognition of these dimensions and components of conception and change of carpets in a specific historic and geographic area, can provide planners, product managers and producers with useful analysis patterns and explanations. This research explains the type and form of the influence of the dimensions and components of causality on the figurative, technical, quantitative, and also the process of the creation of a carpet in a region using an interdisciplinary approach and a descriptive-analytical method. This study contains information on both the carpets and weaving districts and the agencies which are active in the organizational production of carpets. The sampling method of the carpets and weaving districts, is the coincidental classified method and the agency sampling is the selective method and it is according to their experience, influence and the extent of their activities in the last two decades. The geographical area of this research are Northern Khorasan, Southern Khorasan and Razavi Khorasan. The results of this research indicated that the existence of a carpet in normal conditions, has a close relationship with its causalities; but changes and transformations of the carpet was mostly affected by the activity of said agencies in the recent period. The production agencies can be present as a dependent variable in addition to their independent variable role in a district; in this conditions the independent variable can be different causal dimensions or other competing agencies.
 

The Study of the Status of Carpet weaving in Firoozabad City in the Last Ten Years; Emphasizing the Changes in the Way of Design and Motifs Transfer on Carpet
Dr. Ashkan Rahmani, Dr. Majid Reza Moghanipour,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
 Abstract
Handmade carpet as one of the most important employment industries in nomadic and rural areas of Iran has experienced many ups and downs in recent decades. A proper and sustainable planning for the preservation and development of this art-industry is to provide a clear and comprehensive picture of the status of carpet weaving and its ups and downs in each of these areas. The main question in this article is also based on this issue. In other words, the study was aimed at providing a clear and complete picture of the carpet condition of Qashqai tribes inhabited in the Firouzabad region of Fars in the past decade and seeks to answer the question of how the process of production and what product have been during the mentioned period.
This paper presents the results of research conducted in 10 villages of Firoozabad district in the period from 2007 to 2017, the majority of villages’ population is from different tribes of Qashqai. These villages including Jaidasht, Moushgan, Jahad Abad, Mord Shahrak, Baygan, Deh Bram, Nouderan, Najaf Abad, Atashkadeh and Ruzbedan, also, the carpets in this study have a maximum 40 years old.
The carpets of this region in last decades have enjoyed a special boom because of the settlement of various tribes of Qashqai, the proximity of villages to Firoozabad, and the close association between buyers and producers with weavers. Among these villages, Jaidasht and Baygan produce the most quality carpets and they are the highest in terms of quantity. The common designs of this region are Botte, Herati, stripe design, medallion, prayer design. In the mentioned villages, weaver use cartoon to weave carpets but used cartons are different from urban workshops. In this type of cartoon, the composition of the design and color is the responsibility of the weaver.


Identifying the reasons and how the Safavid dynasty related to the carpet production (With an Emphasis on Communication of Book Designing Artists and Carpet designing ones)
Majid Reza Moghanipour, Ashkan Rahmani, ,
Volume 17, Issue 39 (8-2021)
Abstract
Safavid ruling dynasty may be considered as a founder of the social government which caused the establishments and social, political, economic and religious offices were active under the protection of a relatively centralized administrative structure. They had already no any formal position in governments and courts. In this period, appropriate cultural policy-makings and relative security of cities and villages provided necessary bases in order to thrive many arts and techniques. Carpet weaving was one of these most significant arts. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the various aspects of the importance of carpets for the Safavid court and, consequently, to identify the different types of relationship between the central government and the production of this product. The research uses a historic approach and an analytic-descriptive method. To achieve the purpose of the research, in addition to valid historical and research sources, samples of carpets of that period have also been studied.
In the process of conducting this research, the importance of the activities related to the production and supply of carpets and the reasons for supervising them were examined from four aspects: religious and social, commercial, tax and artistic income.. Then, a direct and indirect role of the officials like Bashi and Moshrif  became clear in this process. Furthermore, by studying remained documents, it is possible to reconstruct the existence of professional relations between artists active in the field of writing and book decoration with the society that produces court carpets.
Typology of carpet design and patterns of Malayer
Sepehr Qasemi, Majid Reza Moghanipour,
Volume 18, Issue 41 (9-2022)
Abstract
Malayer County is the most important center of carpet weaving in Hamadan Province. The culture of carpet weaving in this region is intertwined with the lives of the people and has absorbed many influences from the local culture. As such, Malayer can be considered one of the significant hubs of carpet weaving in the western part of the country, as the carpets and rugs from this area feature unique and distinctive designs that often reflect rural styles. Although there are some influences from the patterns and motifs of neighboring regions such as Arak and Bijar, they can still be traced in Malayer's weavings. The main issue in this research is to identify and introduce the formal characteristics of the common and authentic designs and motifs of carpets and rugs in the Malayer region. The type of research is descriptive, and the method of implementation is descriptive-analytical, with data collection conducted through library research and fieldwork (in the form of interviews and observation cards). The results of this research revealed that the motifs of Malayer's carpets and rugs are predominantly in broken and geometric forms, featuring original design patterns such as: the fish motif, which is used in many regions with prefixes like four, dog, riverbank, standard bearer, and Herati (specific to single-ply weavings), the four-claw motif, the twisted walnut motif, the fish shawl motif (specific to double-ply weavings), the plant claw pattern, and raised motifs in color backgrounds of lacquer red, white, and navy blue.
 
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