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Seied Mohamad Reza Tabasi, Iman Zakariaee Kermani,
Volume 17, Issue 39 (8-2021)
Abstract


One of the rugs of Houshang Shahi, which has some different visual elements from other rugs in this category, is a rug called Houshang Shah with Western diplomats. The simultaneous presence of the mythical king of Iran and the foreigners in a modern dress in this rug, as well as how it can be related to the active elements of this text, is an issue that has been less considered so far. The main hypothesis of the research is that the visual elements of this rug have features and meanings that by referring to the related pretexes, it is possible to read the text, understand the communication aspects of the actors and its social interpretation. The aim of the research is to gain an understanding of why the past and the present are intertwined, to identify the distinct visual elements that exist, to understand the relationships of the actors, and to identify the pretexts that have influenced the designs of this rug. Research method and theoretical framework of this research is the method of social semiotics of the image of Gunter Kress and Theo van Leeuwen. The main results of this article include changing the time of the inscription on the carpet, the impact of objects represented from the royal thrones and the architecture of the marble columns in the Qajar era, reproducing the concepts of Farah Izadi and the qibla of the world, wishing to return to the authority of mythical kings Influence of pre-texts such as ancient lithographs, Iranian painting, classical literature and Persian folk tales, recognizing the reasons for proximity and the relationship of heterogeneous actors with possible scenarios, the similarity of the emergence of elements of modernity with the court, the relationship of choosing Houshang Shah as The first legislator with the current of legalism in Iran, the inspiration of the inner border of the carpet from the margins of printed works, the importance of composition and accuracy in using colors and lines in creating meaning, classification and classification of characters, the effect of framing in showing our concept And another and the importance of representing the image in the Qajar era.

Seied Mohamad Reza Tabasi, Iman Zakariaee Kermani,
Volume 17, Issue 40 (9-2021)
Abstract

Abstract
Pictorial carpets in the Qajar era are of the important sources that have shown their capacity to reflect various aspects of modernity, including the concept of nationalism, in the Pahlavi era also reflects other aspects of this concept. This paper explores the various aspects of the concept of nationalism in the pictorial carpets of the Pahlavi period. The main question is what are the characteristics and implications of the nationalist aspects reflected on the pictorial carpets of this period? The research method is qualitative and of historical-comparative. As a result, the concept of nationalism in the body of studies is influenced by the three complex aspects of geography, archeology and remedial issues, the written aspect is influenced by poems and slogans, and the identity background influenced by celebrities of science and literature that the first two cases are directly related to the concept of king, monarchy and sometimes religion, and its royal aspect is highlighted, and in the latter case, this link is more patriotic. elements are sometimes mixed together and sometimes presented independently. On second thoughts, it is clear that some of the combinational aspects of these elements in the carpets promote a kind of monarchical nationalism that can be called royal nationalism. On the other hand, the findings indicate the impact of new educational and cultural institutions in the study; It also represents the use of the lion and sun emblem as a nationalist symbol that has identity, governmental and popular aspects in pictorial carpets. An honor that can be given global effects by writing the inscription introducing the memorial in English language. Other findings of this paper is the existence of a relationship between the pattern and inscriptions of carpets with nationalistic concepts, Synchronized with the changes had occurred in the Pahlavi era and with the developments of the Qajar era are diachrony. it can be said that the historical recognition of nationalism in the pictorial carpet depends on understanding the intertwined relationship that existed between the newly established institutions of the Pahlavi era and its social contexts
 

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