Showing 270 results for Type of Study: Research
Dr Parvaneh Salatin,
Volume 12, Issue 30 (3-2017)
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is examines the domestic consumer behavior to income changes, floor coverings price (calculated income elasticity, price elasticity and cross-elasticity), handmade carpets and of carpet by machinery.
The results of the models using OLS method in the 1984-2010 shows that Both handmade carpets and carpet by machinery floor covering products are elastic goods; although, carpet by machinery is more elastic than handmade carpets. This implies that the reaction of consumer's carpet by machinery greater than consumer's handmade carpets (assuming an identical change in the price of both flooring). Due to the cross-elasticity values obtained, in the estimated domestic demand for handmade carpets, the carpet by machinery, rugs and moquette, ceramic tiles are the stronger substitutes for handmade carpets.
Due to the cross-elasticity values obtained in the estimation of demand functions for carpet by machinery, the ceramic tile, handmade carpets and rugs and moquette, carpet by machinery are stronger substitutes. With respect to the values obtained in the estimation of income elasticity of demand functions, both handmade carpets and carpet by machinery are luxury goods; although the income elasticity of handmade carpets, is more than the income elasticity of carpet by machinery.
Dr Maisam Shirkhodaie, Miss Boshra Faghih Nassiri,
Volume 13, Issue 31 (9-2017)
Abstract
In marketing literature, a new marketing concept called “brand attachment” that attachment strongly impacts on consumer behaviors. Emotional attachment binds the employee to the Brand when the affective bond is especially strong, ensuring repurchase. The aim of this study was examining the effect of brand awareness, emotional experiences and User-derived benefits on bran loyality and brand commitment whit considering mediator variable of brand attachment. Statistical community of this research was customers of Carpet, in the Mazandaran of Iran, that a sample of 520 people who had been chosen by cluster sampling, were examined.
This study is applicational, and in case of collecting required information, it uses library and survey methods, utilizing questionnaire. The method of sampling is simple random method. To analyze data, SPSS and AMOS software were applied.
Research findings show direct effect of brand awareness, User-derived benefits and Emotional experiences on the brand attachment; also positive direct effect of brand attachment on brand commitment is confirmed. Although the direct effect of brand attachment on brand loyalty is not confirmed; but brand attachment have a positive effect on brand loyalty by the Mediator variable of brand commitment.
Mr. Rasoul Parvan,
Volume 13, Issue 31 (9-2017)
Abstract
Twist-weaving of kilim over the past centuries is preserved among the nomadic tribes of Kerman province, especially in Afshar tribe in Sirjan area and it has been used in decorating sofreh and salt bag. In recent decades, some changes are occurred in method of kilim weaving in this area and the "twist weaving" is used in all parts of kilim and has been famous as "Shirikipich Kilim". After rising "twist weaving" as an independent method, was combined with carpet weaving and in this way, was formed a kind of "Shirikpich Kilim" that it name is "kilim-carpet". Also the species of "twist weaving" were called “suzani kilim"; because of these kind have not been combine with "carpet weaving". The questions being raised; what kind of raw materials and weaving tools are used in "Shirikipich Kilim"? How are Technical Specification of warp plumbing and weaving? And what changes has happen in method of "Twist-weaving" in recent decades?
So, meanwhile to study the method of "twist-weaving" of Sirjan's kilim of Kerman province, the entire process of kilim weaving has given in the text. Due to the short notes in some resources about techniques and factors of "Shirikipich Kilim" weaving, In this paper, techniques of sirjan kilim and it's changes of weaving was studied that have occurred in the past decades. This study is done by descriptive research with using of specialized carpet resources and field researches.
Dr Alireza Khajeh Ahmad Attari, Dr Mohammad Taghi Ashouri, Mr Bijan Arbabi, Dr Mehdi Keshavarz Afshar,
Volume 13, Issue 31 (9-2017)
Abstract
Despite the fact that many branches of art and craft were affected by the ideas of Western modernity in the Qajar era including painting, architecture, poetry, literature and handicrafts, carpet-weaving art preserved its cultural traditions and mainly represented its traditional motifs and designs. The present paper aims to study the economics and the situation of carpet-weaving in the Qajar era, to understand how production relationships and the presence of foreign companies affected the development of the traditional carpet weaving of Qajar era, and also to know what the role of consumer markets of the West was in the preservation of traditional design and motifs of carpets in this epoch. This research is a historical-descriptive- analytical research in terms of nature and method, where desk study method has been used for data collection. The research reveals some results which show that an increase in the exports of Qajari carpets as well as the presence of foreign investments in the carpet-weaving areas of Iran, resulted from the impact of the Western consumers markets, were decisive factors in maintaining and the preservation of traditional designs and motifs of Qajari carpets.
Dr Mohsen Marasy, Miss Rezvan Ahmadi Payam,
Volume 13, Issue 31 (9-2017)
Abstract
As valuable historical documents, works of art can dramatically contribute to historical research. History of carpet-weaving is vague in some periods and should be clarified by the help of the surviving documents and manuscripts. Ibn Hessam's Khavaran-nameh contains illustrations depicting carpets. The present paper seeks to analyze and extract information from the carpet illustrations in Khavaran-nameh. The focus is on the identity quality and diversity of designs over time. The significance of this study comes from the fact that historiography of carpet-weaving, as the most important Iranian art/craft, and resolving its historical ambiguities is central to an integrated national identity. The findings suggest that Khavaran-nameh is important in the study of Turkaman carpets because it was illustrated shortly after being composed. Although the details of its illustrations are not of high quality, they show a broader variety in comparison with other similar works.
Mrs Seyedeh Akram Oliyaei Tabaei, Mr Mohammad Reza Shahparvari, Mr Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Mirzaamini,
Volume 13, Issue 31 (9-2017)
Abstract
Electronic advertising is a process that in addition to the introduction of the product and after-sales service, to inspire customers by means of the Internet for shopping. Electronic advertising due to high speed and low cost marketing of goods is concerned. Due to the expansion of this new advertising method in the present society, This study aimed to assess the views of carpet on Internet advertising to increase the effectiveness and credibility based on consumer behavior has been done. The need for careful attention to the fact that the position of Iranian carpet as a floor due to a variety of consumer products according to existing tools and on the impact of advertising on consumer behavior and the approach to be considered further. Thus, with regard to the purpose of this research and the need to position electronic advertising on the carpet, The questions raised in this research is the most important of which is the Can Carpet electronic advertising models based on consumer behavior be evaluated? Which of the dynamics of communication and content on cognitive reactions, emotions and attitudes affect consumers?
The field study was conducted and documents and questionnaires for data collection library that the population of 103 was selected based on Morgan table. The population of the Iranian Internet users, all of which, they are familiar to the field of handmade carpets that somehow exposed to Internet advertising carpet or carpet had been linked sites, which have been included in the questionnaire. The aim of this study is to validate Internet advertising associated with carpet, a model based on the behavior of consumers as to the quality of the product offered good advertising. The results show that drivers with 0/51 cognitive impact on consumer response and 0/42 impact on the emotional response of consumers have the greatest impact 0/32 erotic content and cognitive impact on consumer response and the impact on the emotional response of consumers 0/28 and priorities more accurately to stimuli content of the communication driver. The drivers of content and communication have not been any impact on consumer attitudes according to the research that is necessary for the impact on Internet advertising content is associated with greater emphasis carpet.
Dr Esmaeil Mazrouinasrabadi, Mrs Taybeh Jafari,
Volume 13, Issue 31 (9-2017)
Abstract
The green supply chain is based on the integrity of environmental management and supply chain management to control Environmental Impact on Product Lifecycle Through Co-ordination of All Suppliers of Supply Chain. The purpose of this research is to identify and categorize green supply chain drivers in the hand woven carpet industry. The statistical population of this research in first stage is hand woven carpet experts and in the second stage are members of the supply chain of hand woven carpet industry, including raw material suppliers, sellers, manufacturers, etc. First, using the team of experts, among the 34 variables mentioned in the questionnaire, 17 items were selected as the main drivers of the green supply chain in hand woven carpet industry then another questionnaire was distributed among the members of the supply chain. Using exploratory factor analysis, the factors were classified into five categories. Using the AHP method, the priority of each categories are information, regulation, competition, logistics and marketing. At the end, suggestions such as the development of e-commerce and the cooperation of competitors have been given to improve the supply chain performance.
Mrs Leila Darvishi Koloor, Dr Zoya Abam, Dr Jalal Basam, Dr Masoumeh Masoumeh Karbal Aghaie Kamran,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
This study is to identify and evaluate elements that were used in the Identity document of museum objects to describe and manage the information of museum’s carpets. This study is an applied study which implemented by documentary study method. The data were gathered by analysis of identity document of carpets in museums inside and outside the country. The results can help in integrating and facilitating the organization of information and documentation of museum carpets. More over, they can be applied to better management of the carpets in the museum, preservation and protection of carpets in communicating with other museums, carpet exhibitions, integrity in information their dissemination. It provides with perfect conditions for studying carpets and shares science and knowledge as well.
Dr Hasan Akbari, Mrs Helen Nakhustin Khayat, Mr Armin Nakhustin Khayat,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
In Islamic culture, "garden" is a manifestation of heaven in appearance, So the carpet and garden are the mirrors of heaven. In this research, the design patterns of Iranian garden and garden carpets in Safavid and Qajar period are identified and compared with each other. The goal of this research is to investigate the interactions of form, geometry and patterns of design in garden carpet and Iranian garden. In this research, the effects of the dominant elements and characcteristics such as architectural and natural elements, motifs, forms and design principles, in Isfahan “Chehelsoton” garden", Kashan "Fin” garden, Mahan "Shahzadeh” garden" and Shiraz "Jannat” garden" are surveyed and compared with 12 samples of garden carpets belonging to the 16th , 17th and 18 th centuries. The result of the research is that, the design of Iranian gardens and garden carpets have some principles in common, inspiring and affecting each other. Gardening pattern in "Fin" ," Shahzadeh" ,"Chehelsoton" and "Jannat” gardens are closely similar to each other. Based on the results of the research, the most indices of Iranian Gardens are found in "Fin" with 81.5 percent, "Chehelsoton" &,"Shahzadeh" with 74 percent and "Jannat" with 66.6 percent which accordingly have the most effects on garden carpet design patterns. Also, "Bage Behesht" carpet (carpet No. 3) has the most accordance and "Garden Rug" (carpet No. 12) has the least harmony with characteristics and indices of Iranian gardens.
Mr. Ashkan Rahmani,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
Qashqai tribe is from the southern states of the country that the main profession of livestock and their women to be engaged in weaving. Depending on their nomadic life, some container weaving such as “mafrash” (bedding bag), saddlebag, “chante” (small bag), “joval” (storing sack), “tobre” (bag), “gashiglig” (bag for spoon) and “duzlug” (bag for salt) are woven by them. Among these weavings, mafrash is a biggest in which only three-dimensional woven kilim, jajim and bedspreads can be placed. All used motifs are geometric and abstract. In terms of design composition; horizontal panel and diagonal can be seen. Mafrash is woven with “supplementary alternative weft” technique. Regarding heddling and weaving; they are divided into two groups that so called “new technique and old technique”. Research method is descriptive. The data obtained through library and field research visits to Shiraz, Firoozabad, Farashband tribes and villages. The results of the field research are based on a survey of 45 pieces; 5 pieces from Shiraz, 7 pieces from Firoozabad nomads, 5 pieces from Farashband nomads, 20 pieces from Firoozabad, 6 pieces from Jahadabad, 2 pieces from morjshahrak are researched and analyzed.
Mr Mohammad Karimian Ravandi, Dr Hamidreza Yazdani, Dr Hamidreza Irani,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
Handmade carpet in addition to dimensions of occupation, export, and economic interests, from dimensions of art and culture, has long been a symbol of the rich culture of this land and has special celebrity worldwide. In between the important case that has been ignored is Iranian domestic market, and it seems more reasonable to first stabilize the situation in meeting domestic and get its markets and then, consider export aspects. According to information released by stakeholders of handmade carpet, lack of communication with consumers and their recognition and targeted and creative advertising and marketing is ignored in Iranian handmade carpet and Kashan handmade carpet. The main goal of this research is designing idea of the advertising campaign for introducing Kashan handmade carpet in Iranian domestic markets. So, after achieving a right model for the advertising campaign, this study using interview and documents in terms of obtained model was evaluated and information obtained through these two instruments was described to is answered the main research question (right advertising campaign for Kashan handmade carpet industry has what features). This comprehensive evaluation is with case study strategy and using the qualitative content analysis method. In results of the research was reached to create the main idea and advertising campaign strategy to introduce Kashan handmade carpet, according to market segmentation and unique benefits of this product. In this campaign target market are young people with good income and upper-middle class with female gender and characters that are interested in brand that by handmade carpets for breaking and consumption, by focusing on this fact that you are looking for softest and best price of handmade floor, buy Kashan carpets made of wool, idea for this campaign, is focus on cheap and softest carpets for underfoot that Kashan due to the coarse texture and wool is soft and is very proper due to reasonable price and in this respect it is unique as if costumers are buying the most authentic and best Iranian handmade carpet. In last of this research, is presented recommendations to future researchers in the handmade carpet industry.
Mr Mohammad Reza Shahparvari, Dr Siyamak Safapour, Dr Kamaladin Gharanjig,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
To increase the color range of textile. Dyeing is to be done with more than one color-shedding substances, However before the conduction of Dyeing with the form of combining color-substances, the capability and probability of the combination, that is to be tested with the scale of degree in compatibility, has to be considered.
Bearing in mind the necessity of producing a high range of color in hand-woven carpet and importance of compatibility in dyeing materials, this research is looking for the extent of compatibility in color, substances including: Madder, weld, Prangos ferulacea and walnut shell on woolen thread, Raw and mordanted with aluminum sulfate as one of the means of estimating compatibility
The result has shown that the dyeing capability in woolen thread with walnut shell in comparison with three other color shedding substances is variable. thus the similarity in extent of compatibility in three color- shedding substances: Madder substances: madder weld and Prangos ferulacea shows the high compatibility they have in common.
However differences in the diagram of dyeing of walnut shell shows little compatibility of these substances in getting combined with madder, weld and Prangos ferulacea.
After the calculating the capacity of dyeing in each of coloring substances woolen thread (on the basis of even combination of four dyeing substances with three different ratio) was dyed. The result shows that dyeing compatibility in Madder, weld and Prangos ferulacea in combination with each other is good to excellent in diagram. While combination of walnut shell with three other color substances caused very low compatibility. In addition to that, results show the effect of density and using dents in coloring.
On the whole result of this research have shown that dyeing substances madder weld and Prangos ferulacea have high compatibility with each other and have combination compatibility in the same range while possibility of combining three substances with walnut shell, duo to low compatibility is very low. The way of conducting this research is pragmatic and gathering of all the information is laboratory and library-based.
Ms Elnaz Pahlevani, Mr Hamidreza Saeedniya,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
Today, with the removal of barriers to trade between countries, we are witnessing the emergence of the phenomenon of globalization at the level of international trade and the confrontation of consumers with the products of different countries. This shows the importance of identifying the factors affecting on purchase intention of customers.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three factors of the country origin image, perceived quality and brand familiarity on purchase intention of Iranian handmade carpet customers in Japan. This research in terms of purpose is practical and for collecting was cross-sectional survey data and about variables relationship is a correlation. The population of the study is the Japanese customers of handmade Iranian carpet stores in Tokyo. The statistical sample was determined using the Cochran formula and the available random sampling method, was 385.
The results of the hypothesis test using SPSS software show the impact of all three variables in turn; brand familiarity, perceived quality and country origin image on the Japanese customers purchase intention.
Dr Majid Reza Moghanipour, Dr Mohsen Marasy, Dr Mohammad Reza Moridi,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
In many researches and studies related to Iran’s practical arts including carpets there are incomplete and incomprehensive analysis provided about them due to ignoring part of the dimensions and components of causality; considering the special place of Iranian carpets among the practical arts (Due to the combination of aesthetic, consumer and economic functions); the systematic recognition of these dimensions and components of conception and change of carpets in a specific historic and geographic area, can provide planners, product managers and producers with useful analysis patterns and explanations. This research explains the type and form of the influence of the dimensions and components of causality on the figurative, technical, quantitative, and also the process of the creation of a carpet in a region using an interdisciplinary approach and a descriptive-analytical method. This study contains information on both the carpets and weaving districts and the agencies which are active in the organizational production of carpets. The sampling method of the carpets and weaving districts, is the coincidental classified method and the agency sampling is the selective method and it is according to their experience, influence and the extent of their activities in the last two decades. The geographical area of this research are Northern Khorasan, Southern Khorasan and Razavi Khorasan. The results of this research indicated that the existence of a carpet in normal conditions, has a close relationship with its causalities; but changes and transformations of the carpet was mostly affected by the activity of said agencies in the recent period. The production agencies can be present as a dependent variable in addition to their independent variable role in a district; in this conditions the independent variable can be different causal dimensions or other competing agencies.
Davood Shadlou, Phd Ali Asghar Shirazi,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
During 19th century a wave of orientalism culminated and lots of orientalists departed for the eastern lands with various motivations. They started to research and write on the eastern societies, cultures, civilizations and arts, including carpets. Historiography, study of motives and designs and weave-geography of eastern carpets were of the most important points orientalists focused on. This paper is to recognize and study on the orientalists’ resources and their approach to the Iranian carpet and also to find their faults.
This is a documentary research and its method is descriptive and analytical. The statistical population is the orientalists’ available written works (books, articles and exhibition catalogues) which are written between 1850 and 1950. The method of analysis is qualitative.
The research’s results indicate orientalists’ approaches are categorized into two basic groups (Berlin and Wien Schools), but their written works cannot be assumed as historiography, but as historical sources.
The main defects in orientalists’ studies are: their mere focus on museum carpets and library studies, inattention to empirical research, assuming their data and results as definite facts, determining false weave places for carpets, faults in dating, inattention to the carpets’ origins and cultural grounds. However, the Iranian researchers are deeply influenced by the orientalists’ researches and historiographies, and this paper focuses on these influences.
Mr Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Mirzaaamini, Dr Iman Zakariaee Kermani, Dr Mohammad Reza Nili Ahmadabadi,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
Handmade Carpet has very importance roles in economics of the country and resilient economy. This importance by of features the artistic, economic and other characteristic. In this time, Academic education plays an important role in the growth of this arts-industries. Therefore, it is essential to accurate assessment of the course. In this study post graduate course in carpet was evaluate at based on CIPP model. The research methodology has been quantitative-qualitative and statistical Society are master Students, graduates and professors in course study. This research was carried out with questionnaires of 219 samples in four dimensions of necessity, infrastructure, purposes and needs. A randomized sampling method was selected from the administrated universities. The validity of the questionnaire was 816/0 by alpha Cronbach. In additional to statistical population 23 experts were interviewed. The interview by social snow ball method and sample saturation. The result shows the necessity this course is confirmed. But cultural and labor market infrastructure have not been considered of this course and needs review. There is also a significant difference between the view of the labor market and academics needs to substantial in both.
Mrs Mahla Mirzaei Baghini, D.r Mehdi Keshavarz Afshar,
Volume 13, Issue 32 (3-2018)
Abstract
Kerman nomadic hand-woven carpets, woven without a detailed advance plan, is today one of the less discussed issues in the industry. Rafsanjan, Raviz carpet is among hundreds of nomadic carpets with significant authenticity and different motifs, including tree, mecca, flower pot, boteh, brick, medalion. The tree motif is one of the most beautiful features mainly seen in carpets woven in this area with different types the major one of which is cypress. By examining the structure, the present study aimed at identifying the major marginal and central motifs, their local name, and what changed over time? In which part of the carpets the changes can be found? To provide correct answers, the sample included 40 carpets woven based on the target motif collected by photography. The study was a descriptive analysis. The result indicated that the motif was first 2/1 tree, and changed over time into 2/1 medalion and 4/1 in some cases. The most visible changes are in the medalion motif of the carpet which was first cypress and changed over time into a diamond-shaped medalion. A major motif in the carpets is sini a triangular form woven at the bottom of the carpet. The motif includes plant, animal and bird motifs.
Azadeh Pashootanizadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
In this paper it is attempted to be identified the motif of Arab Jinni carpets. In my opinion, this carpet is decorated by spiritual and Celestial powers that combination of novels of Jamshid and Prophet Solomon that lived in pre-Islamic centuries. Jamshid was king and Solomon was King and Prophet. Considering that the spirit of Persian art always penetrates the body of traditions or religious beliefs; So, acquaintance the similarities of the Jamshid novel with Prophet Solomon novel, On the one hand, and, on the other hand, beliefs, religion and place of departure Sabeans followers as an interface ring to identify motifs known as "Ğeni" is important. The water is a common element between Jamshid, Prophet Solomon and Sabein. Water in the Islamic traditions, create the motifs of Prophet Solomon Novel and emerges in the form of Belqis, Saxre Jenni and Omme Sebyan. Water in the Zoroastrian beliefs is linked with motifs of Jamshid novels and puts into existence in the form of Nahid goddess; in Sabeen religion who is famous for water worshipers that expressed in the form of sacred water and their beliefs on baptism.)Water in Sabean religion is linked with sacredness of water and baptism. This text uses the comparative method of motifs, folklore, and ancient Persian literature. The research method is based on description and analysis. Style data document is library research and gathered through a field.
Dr Hojjat Varmazyari, Mr Behrooz Razani, Mr Mostafa Moradi,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
The main aim of this qualitative study is to recognize the main challenges of Iranian rural hand-made carpet and to explore solutions for policy-making from experts and key informants’ viewpoint. This qualitative study carried out by Grounded theory. The study sample included faculty members, experts of related administrations and institutions, and actors of rural hand-made carpet selected by purposive sampling. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews. The results of this study revealed that there are five main challenges for Iranian rural hand-made carpet: a) weakness of the management and policy-making, b) limited access to the financial resources and insurance, c) obstacles and limitations of production d) obstacles and limitations of sale and e) wane of weaving. Among others, weakness of the management and policy-making was explored as a key obstacle for development of rural hand-made carpet. This fundamental problem was constructed on the basis of concepts such as lack of management stability and weak organizational position of rural hand-made carpet, ambiguous position of rural hand-made carpet in Iranian annual budget laws and lack of appropriate achievement of national fifth plan. Main changes in area of the management and policy-making seems necessary. The governmental body of this industry should have capabilities for its management and organization in order to achievement of poverty reduction and improvement of rural and nomadic people targets on the basis of rurality and economic activities composition in theses areas. Also establishment and development of contractual model was proposed in order to organise chain of rural hand-knotted carpets’ production and sale chain with emphasis on conservation of rural weavers’ rights.
Dr Abdollah Mirzaei,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
The bi-quarterly of Goljaam is a journal of handwoven carpets and related field that is published by Iran Scientific Carpet Association since 1384. The main aim of this article is the content analysis of the 179 articles published in the first 30 issues of the journal. The design of the study is applied research utilizing content analysis. The findings revealed that in each of the issues 6/35% articles have been published; 57/3% of the articles were library research; 73/42% of the articles were written by male writers; more than 49/46% of the authors were PhDs; 42/69% of the articles were written by a double authors; among the university writers, Tarbiat Modarres university submitted 43 articles, Kashan university 32 articles and Shahed university 31 articles, respectively. The issues covered in the article were basically concerned with carpet design and motif (51/5%).
