Showing 270 results for Type of Study: Research
Mrs Mona Soltani, Mrs Zahra Fatemi Moqaddam,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
Qa'inat has been one of the principal carpet-weaving centres in Iran through the history. Studying the historical documents in the Archives of Astan Quds Razavi which relate to the supply and maintenance of the carpets in the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (AS), the names of some regions such as Qa'in, Birjand and Dorokhsh are observed. These regions are important carpet-weaving centres in the Qa'inat.
Considering the historical significance of Qa'inat in the history of carpet-weaving in Iran and the ambiguities in its weavings before 1870, the findings of this article will complete the current information on the history of carpet in the south of Khorasan during Safavid, Afshar and Qajar periods. This research work is aimed primarily at studying Qa'inat carpets from 1022 to 1340 AH (1613-1921 CE), their variety and distinctive features i.e. designs, motifs and dimensions based on the historical documents in the Archives of Astan Quds Razavi. This historical research work, which is both library and documents research. illustrates that felts and carpets have been two of the most well-known handicrafts of this region from Safavid to the late Qajar periods. It also depicts that Qa'in has been one of the most important carpet-weaving centres in Iran, in which weaving large and extra-large rugs and carpets with an urban style was commonplace.
Dr. Malihe Siyavooshi, Dr. Mohammad Ghafournia, Mr. Nader Vesali,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
Abstract: The main objective of this research is to identify the factors affecting the importers' decision to buy Iranian handmade carpet . This research is applied and is qualitative in terms of the type of data used. The research data were collected using interview with Iranian handmade carpet importers in the European ::union:: who were present at The 25th International Handmade Carpet Exhibition in Tehran. The sampling method was accessible, and the sequential method was used to determine the sample size. Accordingly, with14 Iranian handmade carpet importers to the European ::union:: were interviewed, that of which 11 persons were originally European and 3 persons Iranians residing in Europe. Data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis. The content analysis results led to the identification of 233 primary codes that were categorized as 62 selective codes. By reviewing and filtering selective codes, 38 sub themes were identified, which were ultimately classified into 5 main themes. Some of the indicators have a positive effect and some have a negative influence on the decision to buy Iranian carpet. The ten main identified themes are: product, price, distribution, promotion, and environmental factors. Some of the indicators identified in this research, such as ordering capability in production, supply quality, negative media space against Iran, uniqueness of carpet, having a reliable business partner in Iran, provide international credentials, economic situation in the destination country, and etc. ,for the first time and from the perspective of importers were mentioned; which illustrates the distinction of this research with previous research on carpet marketing.
Fariba Yavari, , ,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
In the carpet weaving system of Iran, in some cases, weavers have written weaving; these texts, which often include numbers and names, are from weaver extensions during the texture and can be distinguished from the carpet map, so it can be called " memorials weave " named. Although the memorial weaving is not limited to a particular region and geography, it is still visible in nomadic and rural carpets in Iranian carpet weaving. Traditional carpet of Kermanshah province, which is in the style of nomadic and rural tribal and under the category of Kurdish carpets, includes a considerable number of "memorials weave". According to the dates of the memorial weaving in the samples, the action is started at a certain time and gradually ends. Considering the characteristics of traditional carpet as a native and local cultural phenomenon on the one hand, and structural changes in the carpet weaving system of Kermanshah, on the other hand, the question arises as to how "memorials were affected by social, cultural and economic conditions”. What was the relationship between the trends and the insights of weavers in Iran in general and in carpet weaving in Kermanshah in particular? The purpose of the present research is to present a sociological explanation of the action of a memorial weaving based on the Victorian Alexander diamond culture approach. The research method is descriptive-analytic and based on library and documentary studies. Research results indicate the role of supportive systems and distributors, consumption of art. The community of audiences and cultural changes of the community of carpet weavers in the emergence and decline of the action of memorial weaving.
Sogand Shabani Boroujeni, Peyvand Tofighi,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
Yalameh-i-Qashqayi carpets in Borujen city of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province (as the main source of Yalamecarpet weaving) and some of its suburban villages are especially important. The people settled in the province of Isfahan after the migration to Ali Abad area and then settled in other areas of Isfahan province and neighboring provinces, including Borujen, in the province of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. In this way, a new era of propagation and the original role of the Yilmeh tribal system emerged. Yalameh carpet is woven in three designs of a pillow, a bowl, and one that can be said that they all fall into one group, but they are combined in various shapes. In this paper, it will be tried to use the library and field method to find out the overall Yalameh carpet by separating all the components used in it (including pools, margins, patches, motifs and composition) and Then they will examine the evolution of the last 20 years and provide a better understanding of the group of carpets (somewhat unknown). The questions of this review are as follows: What are the differences in the design and role of the new and old carpets? What is the most and the least change in which group of tripartite designs and at a closer look, in which part of the components of Yalameh carpet has been applied? In this way, it will be determined that despite the same pattern of motifs in old and new samples, there are obvious differences in the way of displaying new designs and their arrangement, which are discussed in the text of the article
Dr Rasoul Abbasi, Mrs Zohre Kazemi,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
The handmade carpet of Iran with outstanding cultural and artistic qualities is a product that has been registered in the non-oil export basket of Iran for decades as a significant commodity. The purpose of this research is to determine the importance of indicators for assessing promotional and promotional tools for handmade carpets and to determine the priority of tools used to introduce this product to customers in foreign target markets. The statistical population of this research consists of 19 experts and expert experts in exporting handmade carpets in Tehran province. Fuzzy AHP method was used to determine the weight of each index as well as to determine the priority of promotional and promotional tools. Were placed. Also, according to the TOPSIS method, exclusive exhibitions, media, commercial ads, publications, tourism tours in Iran, sales, sales representatives, price discounts and sales awards are the top priorities. The research results include suggestions for exporters and planners in this area.
Alumnus Behnaz Barjesteh, Dr. Ali Nazari, Dr. Mehdi Dehghani-Zahedani,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
Worthful wool products have excellent properties such as high strength, resiliency, dyeability, air imprisonment and it is comfortable that can be used easily. But this fiber has a limitation of nutrition and destruction via wool products digesting species such as Tineola bisselliella. This research evaluates silver nanoparticles efficiency accompany with citric acid stabilizing agent in protecting wool carpets against Tineola bisselliella via validity bioassay and quantifying nutrition amount of treated samples. Therefore, central composite design (CCD) statistical method was used to design experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to analyze obtained results through Design Expert statistical software. Based on this, wool carpets were exposed to Tineola bisselliella larvae with various concentrations of silver nanoparticles during different days and weight reduction amounts were quantitatively accounted, as minimum optimized, and qualitatively observed as compared with control sample. Then, using statistical analysis, optimized models were presented based on weight reduction dependent variable than independent variables such as silver nanoparticles concentration amounts and exposure days. Also, alkaline solubility was evaluated as other significant characteristic of wool carpets. Images of nutrition status in treated and control wool carpets were illustrated using light microscopy equipped with digital camera and scanning electronic microscopy. Beside, elemental analysis of optimized wool carpets was discussed through energy-dispersive spectroscopy in order to confirm silver presence. Results of this study exhibit that in optimized condition including 3.07 % silver nanoparticles, 10.0 % citric acid friendly-environment cross-linking agent, and 30 days exposure of wool carpets to Tineola bisselliella, the minimum of response variables including 0.09 % weight reduction and 3.13 % alkaline solubility, in other words, significantly highest protection of wool carpets was obtained against Tineola bisselliella.
Dr Alireza Amini, Dr Esmail Mazroei Nasrabadi, Mrs Tayebeh Jafari,
Volume 14, Issue 33 (9-2018)
Abstract
Change in sales behavior during customers’ interactions based on received information about the nature of their position gives more information about their situation and needs and finally it obtains customer satisfaction and marketing effectiveness. In this study, the impact of adaptive selling behavior and mediated role of marketing emphasis on marketing effectiveness of handmade carpet has been investigated. The interest population of this research is handmade carpet dealers in Tehran city. its sample size was calculated 305 people by Cochran's formula and random sampling method was used. researchers utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze gathered data. The results showed that adaptive selling behavior has direct effect on marketing emphasizes and marketing effectiveness in handmade carpet. Moreover, marketing emphasizes mediate the relationship between adaptive selling behavior and marketing effectiveness.
Ms Akhtar-Alsadat Mousavi, Ahmad Akbari, Hassan Khatami,
Volume 14, Issue 34 (3-2019)
Abstract
One of the problems of natural yellow dyes (weld) is their low stability against light and their high fading rate. One of the main destructive factors in pale of color fibers and hand-woven carpet is the high-energy ultraviolet radiation which causes chemical bonds to break and optically damages of organic structures. In this study, the effect of some antioxidants (gallic acid, ascorbic acid) and conventional UV absorbents, (2- hydroxy benzophenone as a supplement agent is studied in order to improve light fastness property. The effect of light fastness variables such as exposure time, antioxidants concentration, relative humidity were optimized. Afterward, the obtained changes were compared with the original sample and were stated in terms of ΔE color change value. The results showed that in all cases, the use of UV absorbents or antioxidants relatively improves light stability properties of the samples. The best result in increasing light stability was observed in using gallic acid.
Shahdokht Rahimppour, Abolghasem Nemat Shahrbabaki,
Volume 14, Issue 34 (3-2019)
Abstract
Tablecloths are used to make bread and tinned food, which is woven by women in numerous rural areas and nomadic tribes. Sistan and Baloochestan province is one of the important areas of plafond in terms of texture and design. The decline in the production of tablecloth, which is affected by the environmental, economic, life-changing and neglected indigenous capacities of women's art in this region, Forgiveness has been part of the cultural and social identity of the art of this region. Therefore, this study was conducted for the first time with the aim of studying the texture structure and table tiling of Sistan and Baluchestan. Data collection was done by field study and library, and descriptive-analytic research method. The results show that the texture structure of the tables is simple, combined, and rolled in three ways. The layout of the tablecloths of Muharramat, Katshad, Terrani, and Infected, and the fifteen columns of the Tablets was identified. The most used images are used in the sense of immortality and rainworship.
Mrs. Farnoosh Iranmanesh, Dr Ali Vandshoari,
Volume 14, Issue 34 (3-2019)
Abstract
In the domain of rural and nomadic carpet weaving of Fars Province, there are various common patterns and designs. One of these famous patterns is called Yeksar Nazem which, in the past, solely belonged to Qashqai and Kashkouli tribes but, at present, is popular in other areas of Fars Province as well. The main feature of this pattern is its general structure and elements which have been skeptically categorized by researchers in different contextual forms. This pattern has been studied by some researchers among Mehrabi carpets and Darghahi pattern which opens to a garden. The aim of this research is to study the main features of Yeksar Nazem pattern and to identify its main elements in Fars Province carpets so that its pattern of change from Qajar to the present period can be obtained. This study is descriptive-analytic which qualitatively analyzes the main elements of Yeksar Nazem carpets of Fars Province in two groups of old and new carpets. The method of data collection is field and library study. 50 samples of Yeksar Nazem carpets were considered as the main data pool, out of which, and based on the available frequencies, 10 carpets were purposefully (non-randomly) selected as old carper samples and 10 carpets as new ones. The results indicate that the structural form of the pattern and the main features of Yeksar Nazem carpets have observed changes in the structure and the attitude towards the content of this pattern from Qajar era to the contemporary period. This pattern has recently appeared among new carpets with diversity in overall composition and simplicity in the form of elements. Its weaving place has also been extended from a particular geographical area to wider areas in Fars Province.
Dr Iman Zakariaee Kermani, Badri Hakimian,
Volume 14, Issue 34 (3-2019)
Abstract
Artistic guild systems can be considered as one of the most important factors in the formation and survival of traditional arts, that is the continuation of the system of master and apprenticeship. In structure of traditional arts, artistic families are one of the components of these guild systems. Hence, we could to consider artistic families as a potential for the preservation and excellence of traditional arts. If we have a passing overview to artistic families, it will be clear that many artistic experiences and secrets pass from one generation to the next. Kerman can be considered as one of the cultural regions in the southeast of Iran from the millennia; therefore, the contexts for the growth of traditional arts has been provided in this cultural ecosystem throughout history. The rug and carpet waving is one of the most important traditional arts in Kerman. An important part of the cultural tradition of Kerman carpet is dependent on the dynamics and richness of artistic families and among the numerous artistic families in history of Kerman’s carpet, Shahrokhi's family has a significant position.
In this research, the main purpose is to answer this question: what is the role and position of artistic families in Kerman carpet with emphasis on Shahrokhi's family? Therefore, in order to achieve the main goals of the research, qualitative research method (interpretive) has been used and the data of this research have been gathered by documentary and field method (interview and observation). The results of this study have been derived from the conventional content analysis of informal interviews with 10 informed individuals in this field.
One of the most important results of this research is that the artistic families are cultural-socio-economic capacities that can boost the cultural and artistic levels of handmade carpet in Kerman. In addition, the strengthening of artistic families will strengthen the cultural values and identity of the community. The role and position of the Shahrokhi family artists in society of Kerman carpet is dependent on value systems and cultural field. In this field, economic and cultural capital causes changes in the social degree of artists and changes social degrees shape the dynamic position of them in the cultural systems. The role of artists also depends on their positions; therefore, degree, position and role are three components that are continuous and related to each other in relation to the role and position of the Shahrokhi family artists.
Mrs Seyedeh Akram Oliyaei Tabaei, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Mirzaamini,
Volume 14, Issue 34 (3-2019)
Abstract
Fars province is one of the centers for producing handmade carpets. This Province according to the division in the nomadic section Includes: Three tribes of Qashqai, khamseh and lor. And distributed north to south of the province in various urban and rural areas. This makes fars province one of the most valuable place in carpet waeving in Iran and a carpet exporter in the world. Climate type and climatic conditions of this province cultivate various species of plants in the land, each of which combines with each other and different mordant , creates a variety of colors in the dyeing of fibers. This research is aimed at discovering the events and memories of the dyeing process, the type of color choices and the taste of rural and nomadic Persian weavers by oral history method.Oral history is in fact a consciously dialogue between two people about the dimensions of past events, both of which have historic significance and recorded to become a document and its durability. Oral history, as a research method from the beginning to the end, involves numerous, long, and timely stages. Which, if it meets its standards, will have tremendous results . And its purpose is merely to record the lost historical documents, such as memories, experiences, and knowledge of people directly related to the topic in question. This process, in this research, was conducted through interviewing and away from any interference with and application of the researcher's personal views, merely to record the memories of individuals. In this qualitative research, Semi-structured interview tool was interviewed with 42 factors of rural and nomadic carpet Fars. Sampling method was selected as snowball or incremental and sample size based on theoretical saturation. Dyeing of fibers in Fars tribes was done annually in the spring and after wool picking and washing the fibers. These tribes usually used of plants that are in their tripes, which is why it is possible that one of the reasons for the darkness of carpets in the Arabian and eastern parts of Fars with carpets of Qashqai tribes and western regions, the same difference in the type of plants available to them. Fars province was one of the areas that used of chemical dyes after many years later. As the tribesmen did not know the proper dyeing process with these chemicals, they were treated like natural dyes, and sometimes they used natural teeth to fix it, which did not affect the color of the dye. Therefore, they do not wash their woolen linen, which are painted with chemical dyes, and usually replace and sell it after several years of use. Until in the 1970s, several producers such as Seyyed Razi Miri, Gholamreza Zolanvari and Abbas Sayyah re-tried to revive natural and vegetative dyes, and now the province has the most use in using these dyes in its nomadic and rural productions.
Reza Sehhat Manesh,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
Carpet weaving constituted the most important industry of Kerman province in the end of Qajars period. This industry attracted a large number of manpower and allotted itself the highest digit of export. There were many factories in flourishing carpet weaving of Kerman. The most effective factor in the prosperous of the industry was outer investing and foreign demand. In this investigation, the author on the bases of historical documents, texts and using descriptive-analytical method set out to discuss about weaving of carpet in Kerman and want to response to the question; What was the association between the capitalist system and the global market with carpet industry of Kerman during the Qajar period? Findings of the study shows growth of carpet weaving ensued by a type of global division of labor and on the bases of it, Iran had placed on the edge of international business system. Concentration in carpet weaving declined partly the other industries and attracted manpower of other manufacturing. Therefore carpet weaving was placed in the pinnacle industries of Kerman and even Iran. Rate of carpet trade between years of 1906-1907/1324-1325 embraced 53/21 percent of the whole of Kerman’s export. This digit in the years 1909-1910 increased to over 99/5 percent and on the eve of WWI, in 1913-1914 export of Iranian carpet and shawl to Europe and America by Bander Abbas outlet elevated to 97/78 percent of Kerman’s trade.
Ms Hoda Jafari,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
Bijar Rug (Iron Rug) or Garous Rug is one of the most famous Iranian rugs in the world. Its world-wide reputation raises the question that to which historical period, does this artwork of Bijar belong? In the present study, to answer this question, the researcher has endeavored to investigate the position of mythical images and patterns in Bijar rug art, and then the mentioned images and concepts were studied in rugs with Kurdistan Baghi and Charbagh Patterns; finally codified rugs and carpets woven in Bijar were taken into consideration. The purpose of the present study was to estimate how old rug-weaving art in Garous Province is. The methodology of the research consisted of interviews, studying books, journals, and articles, and visiting the museums in order to investigate the images of Bijar Baghi, Charbagh and codified rugs. According to the researcher’s investigations, it can be stated that mythical images drawn on Bijar rug are influenced by the western civilizations of Iran Plateau appearing in the form of mythical symbols such as animals and plants; thus this rug-weaving art dates back to millenniums B.C. Also the existence of rugs woven in Safavieh, Qajar, and Pahlavi periods is the indication of prevalence and fame of this art in Iran and all over the world.
Mr Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Mirzaaamini, Dr Iman Zakariaee Kermani, Dr Mohammad Reza Nili Ahmadabadi,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
Handmade Carpet education at the university was based on the requirements for bachelor in 1996 and was approved the master course in 2010. One of the Carpet supporters concerns about creating and development this course, was curriculum, faculty, students and resources science. This research is aimed at studying the inputs of the carpet master according to the CIPP model, quantitative and qualitative method with researcher and interview. Also, statistical society in quantitative section is students, graduations and professors at universities. This section possible sampling method was 264 selected. Also quantitative section statistical experience carpet 46 sampling. Incremental analysis the result of qualitative used by thematic analysis and results of qualitative used by descriptive, inferential and statistical. This results show this inputs master if the carpet is low level and needs are review this fields in the meantime, the variable is in four the ranking. Evaluation and review curriculum on based with changes in society and students. Also, attraction of a specialist carpet expert is on of the research propose.
Sasan Samanian, Sareh Bahmani,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
The greatest reputation of Iranian handmade carpets is after the beauty of its design, its brightness, its durability and its longevity. Some of these carpets, which are a valuable treasure of the art of this border, are kept in museums and collections that are surrounded by conditions Non-normative acts cause serious damage, and sometimes even damage to them.
Air pollutants are very numerous in terms of their origin and health effects, and it is virtually impossible to check all of them. Therefore, a group of air pollutants, called carbon monoxide, ozone, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide, are commonly studied. Therefore, considering the importance and necessity of controlling pollutants and their essential role in managing environmental conditions, it is necessary to identify major pollutants in the museum and how their effective control in the environment is the main objective of this research. . Important factors such as dust, carbon oxides, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides should be analyzed instantaneously and permanently in order to control compliance with standard standards in the carpet museum environment.
This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out with environmental studies, statistical and sampling methods as well as library and laboratory studies. To identify and introduce atmospheric contaminants and to study, measure and monitor these factors in the museum to identify the most practical And the most appropriate carpet and carpet maintenance method. Therefore, the carpet museum in Tehran has been selected to implement these methods. Finally, it was determined that the pollutants in the Persian carpet museum were in the year 1395; in the summer, it was more than the winter season. Which was the most infected months of the year in the summer of August (due to the highest occurrence of dust phenomena) and January-December (due to the most invasive phenomenon). March was the most desirable month of the year due to the increasing volatility of atmospheric conditions and the reduction of urban traffic volumes.
Shahdokht Rahimpour, Abdoaljaber Ghodratiyan, Amirhossien Chitsazyan,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
The role of human resources and its effective management in the development and development of countries is known. In handmade carpet industry, attention to human tissue is not considered as the most dynamic element of the cycle of production of handmade carpet booms. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of pathology of factors influencing the preservation and increase of manpower of handmade carpet weavers in three levels of environmental factors, micro-environment and internal factors in Shiraz. In total, after reviewing the research background, 83 variables were identified in 3 dimensions of environmental factors, micro, or industry and in-organization environment. The method of data collection was using library and field resources. Questionnaire data collection tool. Data analysis was done descriptively and inferential using Testifodent and Friedman test. The results of the research indicate that out of a total of 83 variables, 60 positive, 4 negative and 19 variables have been negatively affected. Of these 19 negative variables, 11 variables are related to macro environment factors, 3 variables related to the industrial environment, and 5 variables related to the internal dimension of the organization. Therefore, it can be said that these factors are the environments that have the most negative effect on the stagnation or flourishing of the carpet industry and, consequently, the increase or decrease of weavers in Shiraz.
Dr Mehdi Kazempour,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
One of the important rural and nomadic occupations in Iran, from ancient times, is the hand of tissues such as Glimm, Jajim and Varni weaving, which has very little information about them due to their raw materials. Meanwhile, there are very few ancient data that can provide information about Iran's hand-woven items. The village of Ace, with its cemetery full of gravestones, is one of the most valuable findings in this area. This cemetery plays an essential role in completing researchers' information about the warp weaving history and its related equipment during the Safavid period. Now, this paper intends to study the instruments of the wool weaving in the graveyard of Ace Kalibar using descriptive-analytical studies and based on field and library studies. This research seeks to answer the following long-term: Aucanian stone fields can provide evidence of rural walnut in the Safavid period and its related equipment? According to this research, it was found that the creation of motifs related to the deceased's occupation was commonplace in the cemetery, and handicrafts such as worn-out professions related to the occupations of this village were found in stone fields, and knitting tools such as Carpet equipment, Duffin, scissors, shoulder and knife on the deceased grave.
Karim Mirzaqee, Ali Asghar Shirazi, Mohammad Ali Rajabi,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
Although carpet has a very long history in Iran, the purpose of this article is to study one of the most important periods of Persian art history before the Safavid, Turkomani Period; and one of the most important ways to know these period carpets is the reports of European tourists, especially the Venetian merchants' from Tabriz, pointing to the beautiful rugs of the Blue Mosque and the silk-woven rugs of the Uzun Hasan courts. In addition to these reports, the pictures of carpets can be seen in the paintings of that period, a typical examples of which are Big Head Shahname, Khamse Nizami and Khavaran Neme belonging to the Turkomani period.
And since the Turkmen era, is a prelude to one of the most important periods of the Iranian regime, the Safavids. Therefore, the emphasis on conducting research on Turkmen carpet can be the source of many ambiguities in the carpet of the later period. Therefore, one of the reasons for this research was the lack of special attention to the Turkish carpets by the researchers. Although the study of pre Safavid carpets has its own problems, the lack of carpet documentation and the lack of attention of experts in the field to Turkmen carpets are among the research problems of this section.
Despite these problems, the present article can lead to the recognition of the carpets of this period of transition and important. Other goal of this research is extraction of roles and drawings that have the essence of Turkomani carpet and are considered to be the starting of Safavid carpets. In this regard, there have been some research questions, including: What are the characteristic of Turkomani carpets' motifs? and what effects do it have on Safavid carpets? Research method is historical- analytical-descriptive in the search for fact; the collection of information is a library.
Ehsan Hamidi, Hamid Farahmand Boroojeni, Mahdi Ebrahimi Alavije,
Volume 15, Issue 35 (9-2019)
Abstract
Abstract
After the arrival of Islam and the prohibition of the use of animals and human figures, the Islamic artists invented new and different manners to decorate various art forms; one of this way was applying different calligraphy styles in their pieces. The carpet was one those which got influenced by calligraphy
This investigation will study the importance of writing and calligraphy; and the factors, which influence on the quality and execution of rules and geometry of writing in carpet through analyzing the collected samples and a descriptive-analytical manner. It is well known that the carpet, in comparison with the other branches of art, has a limitation in execution and techniques especially in design. This investigation has analyzed the samples up to Qajar period while considering the technical limitations as the main obstacle for the lack of executing the letters in calligraphy although with utmost beauty and maturity, and also taking into consideration that the use of writing as a subsidiary factor, leads to less attention to its execution. Eventually, it is concluded that the technical limitation, in some cases human mistakes, neglect and imprecision were factors, which had influence on execution of the carpet.
Between different types of writing, Nastaliq was the only script, which has received most infliction in both execution form and technical points.
