Quarterly Scientific-Research Goljaam

In the domain of rural and nomadic carpet weaving of Fars Province, there are various common patterns and designs. One of these famous patterns is called Yeksar Nazem which, in the past, solely belonged to Qashqai and Kashkouli tribes but, at present, is popular in other areas of Fars Province as well. The main feature of this pattern is its general structure and elements which have been skeptically categorized by researchers in different contextual forms. This pattern has been studied by some researchers among Mehrabi carpets and Darghahi pattern which opens to a garden. The aim of this research is to study the main features of Yeksar Nazem pattern and to identify its main elements in Fars Province carpets so that its pattern of change from Qajar to the present period can be obtained. This study is descriptive-analytic which qualitatively analyzes the main elements of Yeksar Nazem carpets of Fars Province in two groups of old and new carpets.  The method of data collection is field and library study. 50 samples of Yeksar Nazem carpets were considered as the main data pool, out of which, and based on the available frequencies, 10 carpets were purposefully (non-randomly) selected as old carper samples and 10 carpets as new ones. The results indicate that the structural form of the pattern and the main features of Yeksar Nazem carpets have observed changes in the structure and the attitude towards the content of this pattern from Qajar era to the contemporary period. This pattern has recently appeared among new carpets with diversity in overall composition and simplicity in the form of elements. Its weaving place has also been extended from a particular geographical area to wider areas in Fars Province.

While taking advantage of the cultural and geographical bonds, the nomadic carpets of Fars province, which are one of the essential parts of Iran’s nomadic products resemble the tribal identity, culture, customs, literature, and local and practical tribal arts. The main subject of this study is the distance grown between the nomadic carpets of Fars province and their cultural and epistemic foundations, under the influence of marketization. This paper aims to identify the predisposing factors of cultural and identity changes in Fars nomadic carpets, in order to provide and set a suitable stage for the related authorities to apply the necessary solution for the matter. The main questions of this article are about: A. identifying the predisposing factors of marketization of the visual components, and B. identifying the consequences of marketization in the visual components of Fars nomadic carpets. This qualitative research was done by targeted sampling and analysis of 50 samples of Fars nomadic carpets, through the descriptive-analytical method and using data extracted from library sources and qualitative interviews. The results showed: in the last few decades, the implementation of the compulsory settlement plan for the nomadic tribes and individuals resulted in a change in the carpet makers’ lifestyle and production motivation, from producing for self-use to producing to sell in the markets. Among the effects of the marketization of Fars nomadic carpets, the prevalence of custom-made carpet production, the abandonment of the makers’ mental patterns and creativity, prioritizing the taste of the people and the market, and the change in production methods such as the influence of non-native patterns can be named; all of which lead to the reduction and fading of identity fundamentals and native and cultural authenticity of one-off unique nomadic carpets. These changes were conceptualized and introduced in the results, under the title of marketization.