Quarterly Scientific-Research Goljaam

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Qashqai tribe is from the southern states of the country that the main profession of livestock and their women to be engaged in weaving. Depending on their nomadic life, some container weaving such as “mafrash” (bedding bag), saddlebag, “chante” (small bag), “joval” (storing sack), “tobre” (bag), “gashiglig” (bag for spoon) and “duzlug” (bag for salt) are woven by them. Among these weavings, mafrash is a biggest in which only three-dimensional woven kilim, jajim and bedspreads can be placed. All used motifs are geometric and abstract. In terms of design composition; horizontal panel and diagonal can be seen. Mafrash is woven with “supplementary alternative weft” technique. Regarding heddling and weaving; they are divided into two groups that so called “new technique and old technique”. Research method is descriptive. The data obtained through library and field research visits to Shiraz, Firoozabad, Farashband tribes and villages. The results of the field research are based on a survey of 45 pieces; 5 pieces from Shiraz, 7 pieces from Firoozabad nomads, 5 pieces from Farashband nomads, 20 pieces from Firoozabad, 6 pieces from  Jahadabad, 2 pieces from morjshahrak are  researched and analyzed. 

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 Abstract
Handmade carpet as one of the most important employment industries in nomadic and rural areas of Iran has experienced many ups and downs in recent decades. A proper and sustainable planning for the preservation and development of this art-industry is to provide a clear and comprehensive picture of the status of carpet weaving and its ups and downs in each of these areas. The main question in this article is also based on this issue. In other words, the study was aimed at providing a clear and complete picture of the carpet condition of Qashqai tribes inhabited in the Firouzabad region of Fars in the past decade and seeks to answer the question of how the process of production and what product have been during the mentioned period.
This paper presents the results of research conducted in 10 villages of Firoozabad district in the period from 2007 to 2017, the majority of villages’ population is from different tribes of Qashqai. These villages including Jaidasht, Moushgan, Jahad Abad, Mord Shahrak, Baygan, Deh Bram, Nouderan, Najaf Abad, Atashkadeh and Ruzbedan, also, the carpets in this study have a maximum 40 years old.
The carpets of this region in last decades have enjoyed a special boom because of the settlement of various tribes of Qashqai, the proximity of villages to Firoozabad, and the close association between buyers and producers with weavers. Among these villages, Jaidasht and Baygan produce the most quality carpets and they are the highest in terms of quantity. The common designs of this region are Botte, Herati, stripe design, medallion, prayer design. In the mentioned villages, weaver use cartoon to weave carpets but used cartons are different from urban workshops. In this type of cartoon, the composition of the design and color is the responsibility of the weaver.