Showing 6 results for Silk
Dr Morteza Faraji, Mr Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Manesh,
Volume 3, Issue 6 (9-2007)
Abstract
Supply of any product is viewed an important element of production process. Lack of a product supply interferes with the production process and lead into serious damage in marketing the product in a competitive market. More specifically, due to unique characteristics of silk industry and silk such as small workshops, their spread over large areas, scattered consumers (carpet weavers), silk’s seasonal nature, being bulky, its decay, multiplicity of its preparation for final product (thread), and its low price requires due attention. In this article conceptual model of supply cycle by Sohal and its components are applied to investigate the present situation of supply cycle of silk threads. The main focus of the model is on improving management of supply cycle. A number of relevant hypotheses are tested. Rresults showed that factors such as location of the production and uncertainty of production have significant influence on supply cycle of the product.
Mr Seyed Mohammad Veysia, Mr Mohammad Ebrahim Heidari, Dr Majid Montazer,
Volume 3, Issue 8 (3-2008)
Abstract
One of the pre-treatment processes on silk is degumming that has much influences on other processing. There are various degumming methods and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this research protease (Alkalase) and Keliab (remaining ashes of "Oshnow" plant obtained from Qom, Yazd and Kashan) used as environmentally friendly compounds for degumming of silk. Different concentration of enzyme with soda ash and surfactant and also Keliab were examined. Some properties of degummed samples such as weigh loss, strength, lightness and whiteness were tested and surface morphology also was observed by SEM. The degummed yarns then dyed with madder, using two types of mordant namely stannous chloride (SnCl2) and aluminium-potassium sulphate AlK(SO4)2. The color coordinates L*a*b* and washing fastness and light fastness of samples were evaluated. The results showed that weigh loss percentages, strength and whiteness of samples varied due to degumming with Alkalase and Keliab. However, washing fastness and light fastness of madder dyed samples were acceptable.
Mr Abed Taghavi,
Volume 5, Issue 12 (6-2009)
Abstract
According to the thinkers and historians of Iran history during Islamic epoch, The Safavid era has always been recognized as an era with most magnificent and powerful national-religious state including the controlling central government. Due to establishing new government infrastructures for politics, economics and culture in this epoch, a marvelous revolution happened in the social life of Safavid era; among such infrastructures, economic and commerce factors were especially of great importance for an operational platform to such an extent that it became one of the most critical priorities of grand policy-making of Safavid kings. Considerable capacity of carpet industry due to presence of many centers providing raw material such as: silk and cotton, and also the production and preparation of invaluable carpets in the carpet workshops of economic cities of Safavid era, paved the path for the development of carpet trading as a strategic commodity. In this paper, it has been tried to clarify the status of carpet industry in the foreign trading policy of the Safavid era using a historical analysis approach and reviewing reliable history books covering that era and also travelogues of European travelers in Safavid epoch. This paper also tries to provide a reasonable answer to the question that what the role economic cities played in industrialization of carpet industry
Dr Majid Montazer, Mrs Aghdasosadat Sa'adatdar Arani, Dr Mohammad Karim Rahimi,
Volume 7, Issue 19 (9-2011)
Abstract
Today, the use of enzymes and antibacterial protein fibers is greatly favored by researchers to protect textile against microbial attacks, spots, discoloration and to increase shelf life of silk carpets in museums. This study investigates the effect of protease and nanosilver on silk yarn. Silk yarn with 140 Tex as a carpet pile treated with protease and nanosilver in different conditions and their antimicrobial properties against two bacteria, i.e. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied and compared. Also, some characteristics of products including weight loss, whiteness index and color indices, have been investigated in SEM images. Using nanosilver alone showed excellent antimicrobial properties against microbes with different concentrations while reduced the whiteness of silk yarn. However, using 2% protease led to enhanced antibacterial properties, and whiteness. On these bases, concurrent use of protease and 30 ppm of nanosilver produced silk yarn with excellent antibacterial properties i.e. 100% bacterial reduction.
Phd Zahra Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 26 (3-2015)
Abstract
Persian silk rugs are the most intricate, and often most valuable ones among all hand-knotted carpets. Silk is luxurious, lightweight and soft. Additionally fineness of silk carpet is amazing. Then it is very important to improve its quality and useful life time. During its usage, a typical high quality Persian or Oriental silk rug is exposed to many water-based stains. Although there are now a number of luxury silk carpets on the market, oddly enough they stain easily with the simplest of liquids, i.e. water. That can be bad news for investing goods such as carpets made of this expensive fiber. Getting a water stain out of silk can be tricky, but it is possible. Moisture absorbency of natural silk yarns leads to easy staining of these products by these kinds of pollutants such as tea, coffee, juice, etc. as well as their decreased life time. Textile substrates with super hydrophobic surfaces have attracted much attention for industrial applications and it is a very important resource of advanced materials and new technologies; while this is not applied in hand-woven carpet industry. In this paper hydrophobicity of silk carpets with good compatibility has been improved by treatment with Nano-poly di-methyl silicone. The silk substrates were modified with a silicone compound to achieve low surface energy. Dyed silk by metal complex 2:1 acid dyes as pile yarns and cotton warp yarns applied to weaving silk carpets, and kilims. Treatment by nano-poly di-methyl silicone has been done in low temperature. Evaluation of treatments has been done according to AATCC Test Methods. Durability and stability of surface-treatment of silk carpets were measured too. After washing of carpet and dye-injection on the surface of carpet, contact angle and wet-out time measurements on the silk carpets still show much improved hydrophobic properties. The resultant silk carpet exhibits superior water repellent properties.
Elham Ahmadifard , Dr Esmail Karamidehkordi,
Volume 12, Issue 29 (9-2016)
Abstract
Carpet design and decoration are the fundamental elements for producing carpet and they are important factors determining material and artistic values of a carpet. The access and use of innovative and demand driven designs are the crucial issues that carpet weavers face with, affecting their production, productivity and income. The purpose of this paper is to explore the supply sources and methods of access to silk carpet designs by rural weavers. The data were collected using a case study methodology through focus groups, semi-structured interviews, participatory mapping, document analysis and observation. The study was conducted with 90 rural silk carpet weaving households in 23 villages of the Zanjan Township and market actors in the cities of Zanjan, Qom and Kashan. Rural weavers produced carpet and received designs through two production approaches: a) self-employed production and b) contractual employed production for external entrepreneurs or dealers. In the self-employed approach, rural weavers got accessed to designs through two mediating chains including local and urban dealers. Access to designs in this approach was mostly indirect, in that rural weavers demanded and received designs from local dealers who in turn received the designs through the silk carpet market in the Zanjan City. In the contractual employed approach, rural weavers accessed their required designs through three mediating chains, comprising local dealers, urban dealers and urban entrepreneurs. The most frequent contact of rural weavers was related to their direct visit to their entrepreneurs or employers who were not carpet designers. In both production approaches, the provincial rural carpet :::::union::::: acted as a dealer rather than a community based organization supporting rural weavers, so it did not reflect the weavers’ interest.
